connected to an equipment grounding conductor or insulated from the equipment grounding conductor and other conducting surfaces or be inaccessible to unqualified personnel. Lamp tie wires, mounting screws, clips, and decorative bands on glass spaced at least 38 mm (IV2 in.) from lamp terminals shall not be required to be grounded.

(B) Made of Insulating Material. Luminaires directly wired or attached to outlets supplied by a wiring method that does not provide a ready means for grounding attachment to an equipment grounding conductor shall be made of insulating material and shall have no exposed conductive parts.

Exception No. 1: Replacement luminaires shall be permitted to connect an equipment grounding conductor from the outlet in compliance with

250.130(C). The luminaire shall then comply with

410.42(A).

Exception No. 2: Where no equipment grounding conductor exists at the outlet, replacement luminaires that are GFCI protected shall not be required to be connected to an equipment grounding conductor.

410.44 Equipment Grounding Conductor Attachment.

Luminaires with exposed metal parts shall be provided with a means for connecting an equipment grounding conductor for such luminaires.

410.46 Methods of Grounding. Luminaires and equip- ment shall be mechanically connected to an equipment grounding conductor as specified in 250.118 and sized in accordance with 250.122.

VI. Wiring of Luminaires

410.48 Luminaire Wiring — General. Wiring on or within luminaires shall be neatly arranged and shall not be exposed to physical damage. Excess wiring shall be avoided. Conductors shall be arranged so that they are not subjected to temperatures above those for which they are rated.

410.50 Polarization of Luminaires. Luminaires shall be wired so that the screw shells of landholders are connected to the same luminaire or circuit conductor or terminal. The grounded conductor, where connected to a

screw shell lamp-holder, shall be connected to the screw shell.

410.52 Conductor Insulation. Luminaires shall be wired with conductors having insulation suitable for the environmental conditions, current, voltage, and temperature to which the conductors will be subjected.

FPN: For ampacity of fixture wire, maximum operating temperature, voltage limitations, minimum wire size, and so forth, see Article 402.

410.54 Pendant Conductors for Incandescent Filament

Lamps.

(A) Support. Pendant landholders with permanently at- tached leads, where used for other than festoon wiring, shall be hung from separate stranded rubber-covered conductors that are soldered directly to the circuit conductors but supported independently thereof.

(B) Size. Unless part of listed decorative lighting assem- blies, pendant conductors shall not be smaller than 14

AWG for mogul-base or medium-base screw shell lampholders or smaller than 18 AWG for intermediate or candelabra-base lampholders.

(C) Twisted or Cabled. Pendant conductors longer than

900 mm (3 ft) shall be twisted together where not cabled in a listed assembly.

410.56 Protection of Conductors and Insulation.

(A) Properly Secured. Conductors shall be secured in a manner that does not tend to cut or abrade the insulation.

(B) Protection Through Metal. Conductor insulation shall be protected from abrasion where it passes through metal.

(C) Luminaire Stems. Splices and taps shall not be lo- cated within luminaire arms or stems.

(D) Splices and Taps. No unnecessary